This is CNBC's live blog covering European markets.

European markets closed slightly lower Monday as investors digested weak economic signals after a downbeat week.

The pan-European Stoxx 600 index provisionally closed 0.1% lower to end a choppy session. Chemicals led gains, up 0.9%, as oil and gas stocks climbed 0.8%. Health care stocks saw the biggest loss, down 1.1%.

S&P Global Ratings raised its 2023 gross domestic product forecast for the euro zone to 0.6% from 0.3%, citing the robust labor market, the impact of fiscal measures and the rate outlook. However, it noted that some post-pandemic tailwinds were fading and higher rates would dent demand as it nudged its 2024 growth forecast down to 0.9% from 1%.

Meanwhile, a German business sentiment survey significantly missed economists' expectations and found companies "were markedly pessimistic."

The Stoxx fell over five consecutive sessions last week as it reflected the negative global sentiment. Wall Street also ended in the red and Asia-Pacific markets were largely lower as investors processed a variety of interest rate decisions from central banks and what they could mean for growth.

The Bank of England unexpectedly hiked rates by 50 basis points Thursday after inflation figures and wage growth came in hotter than anticipated. The U.S. Federal Reserve, meanwhile, opted for a pause in hiking — although it stressed that more were likely.

Global oil prices were higher Monday after a turbulent weekend saw an armed rebellion against Russian President Vladimir Putin by Yevgeny Prigozhin, leader of the Wagner group of mercenary fighters. Prices rose as investors monitored a potential oil shortage, but pared gains after the Prigozhin-led revolt came to a swift end.

Asia-Pacific markets started the final week of June mixed, while U.S. stocks were slightly lower.

U.S. stocks open little changed

U.S. stocks opened little changed to kick off the final week of trading for June and the first half of 2023.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average added 10 points, while the S&P 500 dipped about 0.1%. The Nasdaq Composite lost 0.17%.

— Samantha Subin

German business sentiment 'markedly pessimistic': Ifo survey

Business sentiment in Germany worsened in June, according to a widely watched survey from the Ifo Institute.

The Business Climate Index fell to 88.5 points from 91.5 points, with Ifo saying "expectations were markedly pessimistic and companies' assessments of their current situations were worse." Economists polled by Reuters expected a reading of 90.7.

"Above all, the weakness in the manufacturing sector is steering the German economy into turbulent waters," the survey found.

It comes after the German Purchasing Managers' Index from S&P Global disappointed on Friday, with output falling from 53.9 to a four-month low of 50.8, versus a forecast of 53.5. A score below 50 indicates a contraction.

Germany entered a recession in the first quarter of the year.

— Jenni Reid

Associated British Foods trades lower despite lifted 2024 guidance

Associated British Foods was down 0.5% in early trade, despite posting increased revenue for the third quarter and raising its full-year guidance for 2024.

Low-cost fashion store Primark drove the group's 15% revenue increase in the retail department, the British conglomerate said, while food was up 18% year to date.

— Hannah Ward-Glenton

European markets open tentatively higher

European markets opened marginally higher Monday in a potential bounce back following a downbeat week.

The pan-European Stoxx 600 index was up 0.1% at market open, with most sectors trading in tentatively positive territory. Oil and gas stocks led marginal gains with a 0.8% uptick, followed by travel and leisure and mining stocks, which each gained 0.4%. Banking stocks dropped 0.5%.

— Hannah Ward-Glenton

Apple touches new all-time high, bucking the trend

Apple was higher Friday afternoon, managing to hit new all-time highs even as the major averages declined. Shares were last up by 0.1%.

— Sarah Min, Scott Schnipper

Oil trades higher after aborted Russian mercenary revolt

Oil prices rose early Monday after as investors assessed the aborted rebellion in Russia by the Wagner private military company over the weekend.

Brent crude futures rose about 1% to trade at $74.58, while U.S. West Texas Intermediate crude futures rose 0.91% to trade at $69.78.

— Lim Hui Jie

European markets: Here are the opening calls

European markets are set for a positive open, according to IG data. The FTSE 100 is expected to see an 8.4-point uptick to 7,467.2, and Germany's DAX is seen gaining 44.5 points to 15,863.7. France's CAC is expected to rise around 20.6 points to 7,177.4, while Italy's MIB is seen hitting 27,356.7 with a 19.2-point jump.

— Hannah Ward-Glenton